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The question related to the speed of a website is always put by every person who goes for website designing. Fast-loading websites are more fun to browse, and they provide a better overall experience to the average visitor.
This article will shine on the standard measures of website designing that help your website load faster instead of crawling speed, together with tips on how to improve it.
1) Make small HTTP requests
Decreasing the count of components on a page decrease the number of HTTP requests demanded to make or turn the page, resulting in a faster loading page. Some effective ways to decrease the number of components include:
- combining files,
- combining multiple scripts into one script,
- combining multiple CSS files into one style sheet, and
- using CSS Sprites and image maps.
2) Eradicate the Buffer Early
Usually, you achieve the result of an HTTP request when the server completes processing the HTML output. So, the delay would vary depending on when the server prepares the HTML page requested. There is an on-demand method to fetch what is ready at that time, which flush is. In PHP, you have a colour () function, which sends the browser\'s partially-ready HTML output.
An excellent place to think flushing is just after the HEAD.
4) Put CSS calling to the top of the page
Moving style sheets to the document HEAD element supports pages coming out quicker because this allows pages to work easily.
5) Put JS at the bottom of the page
JavaScript scripts are good to block parallel downloads in web design; when a script is downloading, the browser will not start any other downloads. To help the page load faster, move hands to the bottom of the page if they are deferrable.
6) Avoid empty href or src
You may find a browser to do nothing when encountering an empty image src. However, in most browsers, this is not possible. IE generates a request to the page\'s directory; Chrome, Firefox 3, Safari, and more. This behaviour could possibly corrupt user data, can waste server computing cycles, and create a page that will never be viewed. In the most confusing case, cripple your servers by delivering a considerable amount of unexpected traffic.
7) Add Expires headers
Web pages are increasingly complex with more scripts, style sheets, images, and Flash. A first-time visit to a page may demand several HTTP requests to load all the components. Using Expires headers, these components become cacheable, avoiding using excessive HTTP requests on following page views. Expires headers are most commonly associated with images. Still, they can and should be used on all page components, including scripts, style sheets, and Flash.
8) Avoid CSS expressions
CSS expressions are a powerful method to dynamically set CSS properties in web designing. These expressions are considered frequently:
- when the page is resized,
- when the page is pulled down, and even
- when the user scrolls the mouse over the page.
These frequent evaluations lower the user experience.
9) CSS and JS elements should never be included in the HTML page and should have separate pages.
With the use of external JavaScript and CSS files, generally, you can easily produce faster pages as the files are cached by the browser. JavaScript and CSS engrained in HTML documents get downloaded each time the HTML document is requested. This decreases the number of HTTP requests but increases the HTML document size.
On the other hand, if the JavaScript and CSS are in external files cached by the browser, the HTML document size decreases without upsurging the number of HTTP requests.
10) Reduce DNS lookups
The Domain Name System (DNS) puts website names to IP addresses to reach those websites. Just like how the postmasters identify your house with the address you provided. The browser contacts a DNS resolver that repays the server\'s IP address. DNS has a price as typically; it takes 20 to 120 milliseconds to look up the IP address.
11) Use internal domains/IPs when possible
Programmers always use the site name while writing code to set up a new outbound connection for mail or anything else. That should not be the case. You should use the IP or internal domain when accessible.
For instance, if you want to send an email via SMTP, write \"localhost\" as the SMTP host; the mail server exists on the same physical server where the webserver resides. Suppose the mail server is hosted on a remote machine within the internal network. In that case, you need to mention the domain name that points to the mail server\'s internal (private) IP in place of saying the domain name meant for the public IP.
12) Remove old or unwanted pages
Programmers generally prefer keeping a copy of the old page as \"page. old\" if they make wholesale changes to the file. Make sure these old files are removed before the website is published online. Although having old or undesirable pages on the webserver might not straightaway affect a website\'s performance, they could indirectly affect it. It is possible to forget to update the page change in some files. These files would still call the old page, causing various issues, not just performance-related.
13) Remove duplicate entries from all pages
From time to time, Programmers place the same code at various locations in a file unintentionally. Before publishing the website, it is important to review the code and find out if any code has duplicate occurrences and remove them if found.
14) Make sure no extra un-existing pages are causing 404 errors.
Making an HTTP request and receiving a 404 (Not Found) error is costlier and degrades the user experience.
15) Do not scale images in HTML
Web designers sometimes set image sizes by using the width and height characteristics of the HTML image element. Avoid doing this as it can result in more noteworthy images than needed. For example, suppose your page requires an image with dimensions 240720 but shows it with sizes 120360 using the width and height attributes. In that case, the browser will download an image more extensive than necessary.
16) Have a custom 404 page
Set up a customized 404 page to assist the user with the "not found" page, preferably a search button.
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